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Rahmon Nabiyevich Nabiyev (5 October 1930 – 11 April 1993) was a Tajik politician who served as the second president of Tajikistan from 1991 until his resignation in 1992, having previously serve in this role briefly for 13 days 1991 and also served as the second chairman of the Supreme Soviet of Tajikistan during this period. He previously served as the first secretary of the Communist Party of Tajikistan (CPT) from 1982 to 1985. Having been in office for 280 days, Nabiyev was the shortest-serving president in Tajik history and was also the first Direct election Tajik president.
Born in Khujand, Nabiyev started woring as an accountant on a collective farm at the age of 16 in 1946. In the same year he entered the Leninabad Agricultural College (now Agricultural University of Tajikistan) and graduated in 1949. In 1954, he began to work for two years as the chief engineer of the machine-tractor station in Isfisor. In 1961, Nabiyev joined politics and became the Minister of Agriculture in 1971, serving in this role until in 1973 where he became the chairman of the Council of Ministers (head of government). Aged 43 upon assuming office, Nabiyev was the youngest Tajik head of government ever.
In 1982, Nabiyev became the first secretary of the Communist Party of Tajikistan and thus the de facto leader of Tajikistan. He served in this role until in 1985 where he was ousted in a corruption scandal. In September 1991 shortly after independence, Nabiyev became the chairman of the Supreme Soviet of Tajikistan and thus the president of Tajikistan. However, he stepped down 13 days later in early October following intense pressure to do so. Nabiyev participated in the subsequent presidential elections held the following month and was elected president despite accusations of Electoral fraud by opponents and was eventually sworn in on 2 December.
Nabiyev's presidency was marked by intense political instability, economic hardship, and discontent against his rule. In March 1992, a group of protests were formed against Nabiyev and his government which started the Tajikistani Revolution, demanding democratic reforms. However, the protesters were suppressed and thus the protests escalated into a civil war on 5 May. Four months later on 7 September, Nabiyev was ambushed and held at gunpoint where he was forced to resign under pressure and did so on Dushanbe Airport. His resignation was officially accepted on 19 November during 16th session of the Tajik Supreme Soviet which abolished the presidency.
On 11 April 1993, Nabiyev died under mysterious circumstances. While the official cause of death was a heart attack, there were other rumours stating that Nabiyev was either or committed suicide. His family however, did denied that Nabiyev died of a heart attack stating that he had no heart problems and instead believed that he was killed by pro-government forces. While Nabiyev's legacy is often overshadowed by Emomali Rahmon, his successor and the current president of Tajikistan, Nabiyev was remembered for playing a major role in the early history of Tajikistan while criticised for starting a civil war which killed up to 150,000 people.
By December 1992 the Kulob province's former apparatchik turned paramilitary-leader, Emomali Rahmon, was in power.
Nabiyev was buried in Khujand, where a state funeral was organized. The funeral commission was headed by Prime Minister Abdumalik Abdullajanov and was attended by almost all members of the leadership and government of the republic, including the chairman Emomali Rakhmonov, as well as foreign guests and ambassadors of foreign states.
In his memory, streets, schools and some other state institutions and objects are named after him throughout Tajikistan.
Rakhmon Nabiev loved football, and was a fan of the CSKA Pamir Dushanbe. In addition to the Tajik language, he was fluent in Russian language and Uzbek language.
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